sociology is a multi-paradigm science. the main components of the paradigm include epistemic system, theoretical schools, raised patterns, research strategies, research methods and techniques, and facts under investigation. to be able to reach a satisfactory achievement, sociology has to obtain two main components, i.e. to be part of a paradigm and institutional autonomy. iranian sociology of t...

Despite the global spread of English, it seems that voices from Persian-speaking teachers concerning English as an international language (EIL) teaching methods and materials are underrepresented. The present study set out to explore how nonnative Persian-speaking English language teachers respond to the increasing global dominance of EIL and native- and non-native-speakers’ language norms with...

as claimed by many behavioral scientists, designing should be based on the knowledge of interaction between human and environment. environmental quality is also created in the context in which humans interact with their environment. to achieve such quality, designers should develop appropriate models for explaining this relationship, and this requires an understanding of human nature and the en...

In order to make optimal educational use of social spaces offered by thousands of international communities in the second generation web applications termed Web 2 or Social Web, ICT competences as well as social skills are needed for both teachers and learners. The paper outlines differences in competence structures of Net Natives (who came of age in the 21st century) and the Net Generation of ...

Messengers is a system for general-purpose distributed computing based on the concept of autonomous mobile objects, capable of navigating through a network and invoking native-mode C functions in the nodes they visit. We present performance measurements using three speciic applications to illustrate the cost of using this paradigm for developing and using distributed applications.

Agility is emerging as an important determinant of success and achieving sustained competitive advantage in hyper-competition. Whilst the digital natives are on the rise, ubiquitous technologies, networks and associated systems are increasingly weaving themselves into the very fabric of everyday life of both individuals and corporations. With a global shift towards “everywhere retailing”, ubiqu...

In the evolving information-rich society, there are compelling reasons (e.g., educational, social, cultural etc.) to support global, native end-users to learn programming and computing skills. Current computer languages and computing environments pose conceptual, logical, semantic and syntactic challenges to native end-users, especially those who lack English knowledge and are new to programmin...